Lebanon

Integrated Context
Lebanon is experiencing a convergence of environmental stress and institutional fragility, shaped by a prolonged economic crisis and declining public sector capacity. Years of underinvestment in infrastructure, combined with governance challenges, have led to systemic issues in waste management, water quality, and air pollution—affecting both urban centers and rural communities.

At the same time, climate change is intensifying existing vulnerabilities. Rising temperatures are increasing heat stress, while prolonged dry periods and shifting precipitation patterns are exacerbating water scarcity. Wildfire risks have also grown, particularly in forested and peri-urban areas. Municipalities, which play a critical role in service delivery, are facing severe fiscal constraints, limiting their ability to respond effectively.

Addressing these interconnected challenges requires a renewed focus on environmental governance, alongside targeted investments in sustainable urban systems, energy transition, and resource efficiency.