Nigeria North-East

Integrated Context
Nigeria faces a wide range of climate pressures across its different ecological zones. In the north, desertification and water scarcity are affecting farming and pastoral livelihoods. In contrast, the south is increasingly exposed to flooding, coastal erosion, and rising sea levels. In the northeast, these environmental pressures are further complicated by ongoing insecurity and displacement linked to the Lake Chad Basin crisis.

Urban areas are also under growing strain. Rapid population growth in cities such as Lagos and Abuja is increasing exposure to flooding, poor drainage, and heat stress. Across the country, environmental degradation and limited access to land and water are contributing to tensions between farmers and pastoralist communities.

These challenges are interconnected. Climate risks are not only environmental they are also social and economic, influencing migration patterns, local conflicts, and overall stability. Addressing climate fragility in Nigeria therefore requires a balanced approach that combines national-level planning with targeted, region-specific interventions.